ADHDgene Database

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Large-scale studies

Data Summary

Published Variant
- SNP: 1391
- CNV: 398
- Others: 173
Published Gene: 359
Published Region: 128
Pathway by PBA: 8
Study: 361

Detail ...

Gene Report

Basic Info

Approved Symbol	ADRBK2
Symbol Alias	GRK3, BARK2
Approved Name	adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 2
Location	22q11
Position	chr22:25960816-26125259, +
External Links	HGNC: 290 Entrez Gene: 157 Ensembl: ENSG00000100077 UCSC: uc003abx.3
No. of Studies	1 (significant: 0; non-significant: 1; trend: 0)
Source	Literature-origin

Gene related studies (count: 1)

Reference	Statistical Values/Author Comments	Result of Statistical Analysis
Brookes K, 2006	UNPHASED TDT P-value=0.145, global P-value=0.747, WHAP TDT P_sum P-value=0.573, no SNP with nominal P-value<0.05 located in this gene	Non-significant

Gene related SNPs (count: 0)

Gene related CNVs (count: 0)

Gene related other variant (count: 0)

Gene related regions (count: 0)

Gene related GO terms (count: 8)

GO terms by PBA (with statistical significance of FDR<0.05) (count: 0)

GO terms by database search (count: 8)

ID	Name	Type	Evidence[PMID]	No. of Genes in ADHDgene
GO:0004703	G-protein coupled receptor kinase activity	Molecular Function		2
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	Molecular Function	TAS[8427589]	27
GO:0007165	signal transduction	Biological Process		171
GO:0031623	receptor internalization	Biological Process		10
GO:0005524	ATP binding	Molecular Function		228
GO:0005543	phospholipid binding	Molecular Function		61
GO:0038032	termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	Biological Process		9
GO:0047696	beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity	Molecular Function		2

Gene related KEGG pathways (count: 4)

ID	Name	No. of Genes in ADHDgene	Brief Description
hsa04144	Endocytosis	39	Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutr...... Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type. More...
hsa04740	Olfactory transduction	173	Within the compact cilia of the olfactory receptor neurons (...... Within the compact cilia of the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) a cascade of enzymatic activity transduces the binding of an odorant molecule to a receptor into an electrical signal that can be transmitted to the brain. Odorant molecules bind to a receptor protein (R) coupled to an olfactory specific Gs-protein (G) and activate a type III adenylyl cyclase (AC), increasing intracellular cAMP levels. cAMP targets an olfactory-specific cyclic-nucleotide gated ion channel (CNG), allowing cations, particularly Na and Ca, to flow down their electrochemical gradients into the cell, depolarizing the ORN. Furthermore, the Ca entering the cell is able to activate a Ca-activated Cl channel, which would allow Cl to flow out of the cell, thus further increasing the depolarization. Elevated intracellular Ca causes adaptation by at least two different molecular steps: inhibition of the activity of adenylyl cyclase via CAMKII-dependent phosphorylation and down-regulation of the affinity of the CNG channel to cAMP.Longer exposure to odorants can stimulate particulate guanylyl cyclase in cilia to produce cGMP and activate PKG, leading to a further increase in amount and duration of intracellular cAMP levels, which may serve to convert inactive forms of protein kinase A (PKA2) to active forms (PKA*). As part of a feedback loop, PKA can inhibit the activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase. More...
hsa04062	Chemokine signaling pathway	32	Inflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leu...... Inflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation upon foreign insult. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for the cell trafficking and thus are vital for protective host response. In addition, chemokines regulate plethora of biological processes of hematopoietic cells to lead cellular activation, differentiation and survival. More...
hsa04724	Glutamatergic synapse	43	Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the ma...... Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system(CNS). Glutamate is packaged into synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. Once released into the synaptic cleft, glutamate acts on postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) to mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission. Glutamate can also act on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and exert a variety of modulatory effects through their coupling to G proteins and the subsequent recruitment of second messenger systems. Presynaptically localized Group II and Group III mGluRs are thought to represent the classical inhibitory autoreceptor mechanism that suppresses excess glutamate release. After its action on these receptors, glutamate can be removed from the synaptic cleft by EAATs located either on the presynaptic terminal, neighboring glial cells, or the postsynaptic neuron. In glia, glutamate is converted to glutamine, which is then transported back to the presynaptic terminal and converted back to glutamate. More...

Genes shared at least 5 GO terms with ADRBK2 (count: 1)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
ADRBK1	8	G-protein coupled receptor kinase activity; protein kinase activity; signal transduction; receptor internalization; ATP binding; phospholipid binding; termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity;

Genes shared at least 2 KEGG pathways with ADRBK2 (count: 16)

Gene Symbol	Pathway Count	Pathway List
ADRBK1	3	Endocytosis; Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
ARRB2	3	Endocytosis; Olfactory transduction; Chemokine signaling pathway;
ARRB1	2	Endocytosis; Chemokine signaling pathway;
CCR5	2	Endocytosis; Chemokine signaling pathway;
CXCR1	2	Endocytosis; Chemokine signaling pathway;
CXCR2	2	Endocytosis; Chemokine signaling pathway;
PLD1	2	Endocytosis; Glutamatergic synapse;
PLD2	2	Endocytosis; Glutamatergic synapse;
ADCY4	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
GNG10	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
GNG3	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
MAPK1	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
MAPK3	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
PLCB2	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
PLCB3	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;
PRKCB	2	Chemokine signaling pathway; Glutamatergic synapse;

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Region: chr22:25960816..26125259 View in gBrowse